The Witch's Journal · Mediterranean cultures

Cats in Greece and the ancient Mediterranean

Two museum objects and a genomic review to follow Mediterranean connections without confusing material circulation with population history.

Mediterranean connected

The Kamiros cat amulet is a find from the archaic Greek period; The British Museum file indicates that it was probably made in Egypt.2

Separating the place of manufacture from the place of discovery allows us to read a Mediterranean connection without assigning to the object a history that its record does not document.2

Artifacts from Kamiros and Naukratis

The British Museum cat and bird figure is described as being of Hellenistic Greek manufacture, while its Naukratis context remains uncertain.3

Kamiros names the discovery of the amulet; Naukratis appears as an uncertain context for the Hellenistic figure. These references are not interchangeable values.23

Evidence of dispersion

The 2025 genomic study places the arrival in Europe of the ancestry of modern domestic cats approximately two millennia ago, probably from North Africa.1

The material evidence of the two objects can document pieces, attributions and circulation; it is not a genomic test of feline populations or their ancestry.231

Uncertainty and trade

The genomic review questions whether a Neolithic dispersal alone explains the modern ancestry arriving in Europe and leaves open questions about source populations and routes.1

This evidence does not allow us to conclude that there were domestic cats in all of Greece nor to reconstruct each Mediterranean exchange on its own.231

Sources consulted

  1. M. De Martino et al.The Dispersal of Domestic Cats from North Africa to Europe Around 2000 Years Ago
  2. The British MuseumFaience Cat Amulet from Kamiros
  3. The British MuseumHellenistic Cat with Bird Figure
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